Biological systems often contain millions of parts, each with their own properties and interactions with the other parts. In some cases, these systems are simple enough for us to understand intuitively. However, in many cases, they are simply to complex for us to understand without the help of tools. Mathematical modeling is one of the most important tools we have for making sense of biologial systems. Modeling allows us to represent the system in the language of mathematics and gain quantitative insights into the system that would be imppossible to obtain otherwise.